The Supreme Court is covering a number of important cases this year, here is a brief breakdown of a few of the most important cases and their potential outcomes.

Trump v. Slaughter 

(Argued Dec. 8, 2025):

Question:

Do the statutory removal protections for members of the Federal Trade Commission violate the separation of powers?

Potential Outcomes:

The Court may rule that for-cause removal protections for members of multimember independent agencies are unconstitutional. This would significantly expand presidential power, allowing the removal of commissioners at will and affecting other independent agencies like the SEC, FCC, and NLRB. Or the Court could uphold the 90-year-old precedent, finding that Congress has the authority to create independent, nonpartisan agencies.

Trump v. Cook 

(Argued Jan. 21, 2026):

Question:

Should the Court stay a district court injunction preventing the President from removing a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors "for cause" based on pre-appointment conduct without prior notice or a hearing?

Potential Outcomes

The Court keeps the injunction in place, requiring the administration to provide due process (notice/hearing) before any removal attempt, strengthening Federal Reserve independence. Or the Court stays the injunction, agreeing with the administration that the removal was lawful, setting a precedent for broader executive removal power over independent agencies.

Trump v. V.O.S. Selections / Learning Resources v. Trump 

(Argued Nov. 5, 2025):

Question:

Does the International Emergency Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. § 1701 (“IEEPA”), authorize the president to impose tariffs?

Potential Outcomes

The Court may rule that IEEPA does not authorize tariffs, requiring the administration to refund billions in collected tariffs. The Court could determine that using IEEPA for tariffs is an unconstitutional theft of Congress's exclusive power to tax and regulate commerce. Or may in an administrative victory The Court may uphold the actions, affirming that broad, existing precedents and the "national security" aspect of IEEPA allow the President to control international trade.

Trump v. Barbara 

(Expected 2026):

Question:

Is a presidential executive order that denies U.S. birthright citizenship to children born in the United States because their parents are unlawfully present or in the country on temporary visas consistent with the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and 8 U.S.C. § 1401(a)?

Potential Outcomes

This case has potential for sweeping outcomes, potentially resulting in the upholding of standard constitutional law with birthright citizenship. Or potentially the upholding of the administration's order resulting in broad potential loss of citizenship and further consequences.

Watson v. Republican National Committee

(Scheduled for March 2026):

Question: 

Do the federal election-day statutes preempt a state law that allows ballots that are cast by federal election day to be received by election officials after that day?

Potential Outcomes

The Supreme Court could agree with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, in which case Mississippi's law would be invalidated. This would require ballots to be in the possession of election officials by the close of polls on Election Day to be counted. Or the Court could find that federal law only regulates the timing of the selection of the candidate, leaving states free to set their own receipt deadlines.

Each of these cases have the potential for sweeping policy change within the US and are ones to keep an eye on, with the Trump administration making many pushes to change precedent and accelerate the accumulation of presidential power outlined in project 2025, with few barriers remaining but the highest court in the land.